Fluid mechanics arithmetic

Orifice Flow Calculator

Use a discharge coefficient from a source appropriate to your actual geometry. This simple equation does not determine the coefficient for you.

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Calculation result

Enter values and select Calculate.

Educational planning arithmetic only. Enter your own measured values and properties; these results are not an engineering specification, safety decision, or equipment recommendation.

Formula and method

For this simplified incompressible model, Q = CdA√(2ΔP/ρ), where A is the entered area or πD²/4, ΔP is pressure difference, ρ is fluid density, and Cd is the user-entered discharge coefficient. The coefficient depends on geometry and flow conditions. See the Missouri S&T fluid-flow instrumentation reference.

Worked example

At Cd = 0.62, D = 0.02 m, ΔP = 10,000 Pa and density = 1000 kg/m³, the estimated flow is about 0.0008711 m³/s (0.8711 L/s).

Scope and limitations

This does not model compressible or choked flow, cavitation, two-phase flow, nonstandard edge geometry, varying Cd, upstream/downstream installation effects, or measurement uncertainty. It is not a safety-relief sizing tool or equipment specification.

Privacy and related tools

Entered measurements stay in this browser tab. This tool does not upload them, store them in the browser, or put them in the URL. Browse all calculators.